A virus is a tiny entity that causes disease. Today, this tiny virus has infected millions of people. This virus is the cause of death of millions of people today. How many family members do not get enough to eat because of the virus? Millions of people have lost their way. It may not be important to know anything about that virus. So in today's tune I have come to share a little knowledge about this subject with you.
Virus
The Latin word virus literally means poison. It is so small that it can be seen with the help of an electron microscope .
A virus is a microscopic entity that causes disease.
Its constituent elements are nucleic acids and proteins. We all know that the body is made up of cells, but the virus is acellular. The virus is always inactive outside the body.
Names of some scientists involved with the virus
Scientists introduced the first Beijing virus name.
Scientist The Latin word is virus proved the presence of the virus as the cause of mosaic disease in tobacco plants . He is the discoverer of the virus.
The body of the virus is made up of proteins and nucleic acids. This was proved by Stanley, the father of virology.
Volume
Viruses usually range from 12 nm to 300 nm . The smallest virus is the foot and mouth disease virus of cattle (8-12 nm).
Characteristics of the virus
The characteristics of the virus can be divided into two parts. E.g.
- A) Strong chemical properties and
- B) Biological features.
A) Strong chemical properties
- The virus is acellular.
- Viruses cannot reproduce independently without the help of cells.
- There is no physical growth of the virus.
- The virus does not respond to environmental stimuli.
- The virus is capable of resisting acid alkalis and salts and cannot cause any reaction with antibiotics.
B) Biological features
- May increase the number of viruses inside the host cell.
- One virus can give birth to another.
- Structurally, the virus has nucleic acids.
- Viruses are capable of causing mutations and creating variations.
- They have the ability to adapt.
- Genetic rearrangement is seen to occur.
Types of viruses:
There are two types of viruses according to the type of nucleic acid
DNA virus
If DNA is found in the virus as nucleic acid, then those viruses are called DNA viruses. Such as- Vaccinia, Variola, Herpes simplex virus etc.
RNA virus
If RNA is found in the virus as nucleic acid, then those viruses are called RNA viruses. Such as TMV, HIV, Rabbis, Corona etc. viruses.
The economic importance of the virus
A) Disadvantages of the virus
1. Causes disease in human body. Such as:
- The hepatitis-B virus causes jaundice.
- HIV causes the deadly disease AIDS in the human body.
- Flavius virus is responsible for human dengue fever.
- Dog bites are caused by the rabies virus.
- The common cold is caused by the Rhino virus.
2. Causes diseases in plants. Such as:
- Tungro disease of rice due to Tungro virus.
- Tobacco mosaic disease due to TMV.
- Round potato mosaic disease PMV
- Mosaic disease of SIM due to BMV.
B) The benefits of the virus
- Vaccines against smallpox, polio, and rabies are made with the virus.
- The jaundice vaccine is made from the virus.
- Viruses are currently being used as carriers of the much-discussed genetic engineering.
- Viruses are used to control harmful bacteria.
- It is worth mentioning the role of viruses in controlling certain harmful insects.
- Virus attacks increase the beauty of flowers and increase the value of flowers.
- The increase in the number of rabbits in Australia has caused extreme damage to crops. Their numbers have been reduced with the help of viruses.
Novel corona virus
The virus is called SARS CORONA VIRUS (COV) -2.
Attacks cause COVID 19 in humans .
COVID stands for Corona Viarus Disease.
It is an RNA virus.
Mainly invades the respiratory tract.
Jun Almeida is a Scottish virologist. The 1964, the first time in Corona virus was discovered. He identified the virus at St Thomas Hospital in London .
Finally, I would like to say that you should all be aware of the virus. Live a healthy normal life.
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